Tangle web spiders are a fascinating group of spiders that you might come across in various habitats. Unlike the more symmetrical orb web spiders, tangle web spiders create irregular, messy-looking webs to catch their prey. These webs, often called “cobwebs,” are constructed with a mix of sticky and non-sticky silk to entrap unsuspecting insects.
You’ll find tangle web spiders in many different families, such as Theridiidae, which includes the well-known black widow spider. These small to medium-sized spiders typically feature a combination of vibrant colors and intricate patterns, making them an exciting subject for naturalists and photographers alike.
As you delve deeper into the world of tangle web spiders, you’ll discover the unique behaviors, biology, and characteristics that set them apart from other spider species. Armed with this knowledge, you’ll be better equipped to appreciate and understand these intriguing arachnids on your next outdoor adventure.
What is a Tangle Web Spider?
Tangle web spiders are a group of arachnids that create unique, messy-looking webs. Unlike the neat, organized patterns of orb and sheet webs, tangle web spiders create a complex, irregular structure. This helps them effectively capture their prey, which is composed of various insects flying or crawling nearby.
To understand why tangle web spiders construct such seemingly chaotic designs, it’s important to note their primary objective: trapping prey. As a result of their web structure, tangle web spiders are able to catch various types of insects, adjusting their web according to the prey capture rate and prey type1.
Some key features of tangle web spiders include:
- Inefficient use of silk: The construction of a tangled web requires more silk than an orb web or a sheet web, meaning the spider must expend more energy and resources in its construction.
- Versatility: Tangle web spiders enjoy a higher prey capture rate due to the web’s ability to ensnare a wide variety of insects.
- Adaptability: Spiders in this group are capable of adjusting their web according to their environment and the availability of prey.
In summary, tangle web spiders create intricate and seemingly disorganized webs to effectively capture a wide range of prey. Their unique web structure sets them apart from other spider groups and demonstrates their ability to adapt to different environments.
Distinguishing Features
Physiology
The Tangle Web Spider has unique physical characteristics that make it stand out. For instance, the setae on its body and legs help in sensing vibrations. The spider also displays diverse genital plates among different morphs and varieties. Some Tangle Web Spiders even exhibit a unique color pattern on their abdomen, such as yellow body with grinning clown face or smiley face markings.
Web and Silk Features
Tangle Web Spiders create intricate webs using different types of silk. They utilize:
- Woolly silk: to line their retreats
- Sticky capture silk: captures prey
- Silk pulley: enables movement through the web
These webs can have distinct structures, depending on the spider variety. Here’s a comparison table of web features among Tangle Web Spiders:
| Spider Variety | Web Structure |
|---|---|
| Widow Spiders | Irregular, 3D shape |
| Comb-footed Spiders | Triangular |
| Hawaiian Theridion grallator | Sheet-like |
Venom
While Tangle Web Spiders do have venom, most varieties are harmless to humans, with a few exceptions like the Widow Spiders (such as the infamous Black Widow). Their venom consists of proteins and enzymes that help immobilize and digest their prey.
Varieties of Tangle Web Spiders
Different Tangle Web Spider varieties possess unique features, such as:
- Steatoda: Commonly known as the false black widow, this spider is often mistaken for its more dangerous relative.
- Steatoda triangulosa: Recognized by its triangular markings, this species favors indoor environments and is less harmful to humans.
- Widow Spiders: These spiders contain potentially harmful venom and are typically identified by the red hourglass marking on their abdomen.
- Comb-footed Spiders: Sporting slightly comb-like bristles called serrula, these spiders use their web to wrap prey and deposit eggs.
- Hawaiian Theridion grallator: Also known as the Happy Face Spider, this species is recognized for its smiley face abdomen pattern and lives exclusively in Hawaiian forests.
- Cobweb Spiders: Representing over 200 species, cobweb spiders (part of the theridiid family) spin irregular webs using their sticky silk that remains on their hind legs.
By understanding the distinguishing features of Tangle Web Spiders, you can better appreciate these fascinating creatures and their role in our ecosystem.
Habitat and Distribution
Tangle web spiders, also known as cobweb spiders, can be found in a variety of habitats. They often prefer areas with plenty of vegetation or structures to build their webs on. In your garden, they may live among shrubs, tall grasses, or around your outdoor furniture. These spiders can also be found in forests, meadows, and even human-made structures, such as buildings and bridges.
These spiders have a wide distribution, as they’re found all around the world. While the specific species may vary, you’re likely to encounter tangle web spiders in your region. In North America, you might come across the common house spider, while in Europe, there’s the European garden spider.
Not only can these spiders help control insect populations, but they also contribute to your local ecosystem. So, next time you see a tangle web spider, remember that they are an essential part of maintaining balance in the environment you share.
Diet and Hunting Strategies
Prey and Predation
The Tangle Web Spider primarily feeds on a variety of prey, including small animals like insects or even small mammals and lizards. Some examples of their preferred prey are orange-spotted roaches and other types of cockroaches. Tangle Web Spiders can also capture larger prey compared to their body size, so they are proficient hunters.
In order to catch their prey, Tangle Web Spiders employ different hunting strategies that are both effective and unique. Depending on the spider species and their environment, they can be agile and quick hunters to capture these animals.
Unique Capture Mechanisms
Tangle Web Spiders use a combination of snares and trap doors to efficiently capture their prey. One notable technique is the use of sticky droplets on their webs, which help immobilize insects upon contact. These droplets are strategically placed along their web in a way to maximize the chances of catching prey. For tackling larger prey like lizards, some Tangle Web Spiders can use a lasso-like silk structure to secure them.
Here’s a comparison table of the capture mechanisms used by Tangle Web Spiders:
| Capture Mechanism | Description | Pros | Cons |
|---|---|---|---|
| Snares | Intricately designed webs for capturing prey | Effective | Needs maintenance |
| Trap Doors | Concealed entrances with trigger mechanisms | Stealthy | Time-consuming |
| Sticky Droplets | Glue-like substances on webs to immobilize prey | Quick immobilization | Less effective on larger prey |
| Lassos | Silk structures to secure larger prey | Versatile | Requires precision |
By employing these unique capture mechanisms, the Tangle Web Spider can successfully hunt and consume a variety of prey, showcasing its adaptability and proficiency as a predator.
Reproduction and Life Cycle
Egg Sacs and Development
Tangle web spiders create egg sacs to protect their eggs during development. Typically, these sacs are made from silk and have a spherical shape. As a spider enthusiast, you might observe these sacs hanging from the spider’s web or attached to nearby vegetation.
Inside the egg sac, the spiderlings will develop and grow. After hatching, they’ll molt several times before reaching adulthood. It’s fascinating to witness these tiny creatures transform throughout their life stages!
Sexual Biology
Tangle web spiders exhibit entelegyne, a sexual biology in which the females have two separate openings for mating and oviposition (egg-laying). This anatomical feature allows for more efficient reproduction and ensures that the spiderlings have the best chance of survival.
Sexual cannibalism is an uncommon behavior among tangle web spiders. However, it may occasionally occur, where the female devours the male during or after mating. Although this sounds brutal, it benefits the offspring by providing the female with extra nutrients for egg production.
By understanding the reproduction and life cycle of tangle web spiders, you can better appreciate these fascinating creatures and their extraordinary adaptations.
Social Behavior and Communication
Sociality
Tangle web spiders exhibit a range of social behaviors. In some species, you’ll find individuals living in complex social structures, while others prefer a more solitary lifestyle. In social species, cooperation in prey capture and sharing resources is common, leading to successful survival and reproduction.
Inbreeding
Inbreeding can occur in tangle web spider populations, particularly in those with limited dispersal abilities. As a result, you might find offspring with reduced genetic diversity, which could increase the risk of extinction. However, this also means that populations with unique traits may be more resilient against environmental changes.
Kleptoparasitic Behavior
Some tangle web spiders exhibit kleptoparasitic behavior, where they steal prey from another spider’s web. This can benefit the kleptoparasite by providing an easy meal, but can be detrimental to the original web owner who loses their hard-earned prey.
In conclusion, tangle web spiders display a variety of fascinating social behaviors and complex communication. From sociality to kleptoparasitism, these intriguing creatures offer a rich source of study for those interested in understanding their world.
Study and Research
A recent study on the Tangle Web Spider was conducted by Gabriele Greco, and the findings were published in the Journal of the Royal Society Interface. This research adds to our understanding of these fascinating creatures.
The Tangle Web Spider is known for its unique web-building skills. You might be interested to know that there are different types of spider webs, such as orb, sheet, and tangle webs. In this study, Gabriele Greco focused specifically on the Tangle Web Spider.
Some key findings from the research include:
- Tangle Web Spiders use less silk in their web construction compared to other web-building spiders.
- Their webs are more efficient in capturing prey.
Science News and Live Science, two popular platforms for scientific information, have also covered this study. Their articles, written by Mindy Weisberger, provide a detailed and comprehensible account of the research for a non-expert audience.
To summarize, this study by Gabriele Greco and the coverage by Mindy Weisberger on Science News and Live Science contributes significantly to our understanding of Tangle Web Spiders. Keep in mind that this field is constantly evolving, and more research is needed to continue expanding our knowledge about these fascinating creatures.
Impact on Ecosystems and Human Interaction
As an arthropod, the Tangle Web Spider plays a crucial role in maintaining the balance of their ecosystem. They help control insect populations, serving as a natural form of pest control. Additionally, their presence benefits other animals higher up in the food chain who prey on them for sustenance.
Being model organisms, Tangle Web Spiders contribute to our understanding of arthropod biology. Researchers utilize them to study various aspects, including their behavior, physiology, and even their venom for potential therapeutic applications.
While their venom does have a clinical manifestation, it is relatively mild and non-lethal to humans. Symptoms may include localized pain, redness, and itching. However, it is important to remember that individual reactions can vary.
In summary, the Tangle Web Spider positively influences the ecosystem by regulating insect populations and serving as prey for other animals, while also providing invaluable insights for scientific research. However, caution should be exercised when handling them due to their venom’s mild clinical manifestation. So, remember to appreciate these fascinating creatures while also respecting their space in nature.
Footnotes
14 Comments. Leave new
I may be wrong about the specific name.
I don’t think capensis occurs here.
However the two Steatodas that I can find that DO occur here don’t really look like this.
I have pictures of the males as well, so I’m checking both. I’ll let you know if I come up with anything better.
Sort of looks like Steatoda triangulosa. I see a lot of those in Texas.
I agree with melvisrules–it looks exactly like Steadota triangulosa.
Thanks for your input.
I am currently near Tsavo East and have been hanging out with this spider in my hut which is high up in a web near the top. She has barely moved the whole month we’ve been here. It looks like she also has a sac of eggs near her. Would this be considered a false button spider? Sorry for the blurry photo: http://i1056.photobucket.com/albums/t377/mwardian/IMG_1803_zpsa94888d6.jpg
Should I be concerned about the sac of eggs? Thanks!
We cannot say for certain from your photo if this is a False Button Spider. It does appear to be a member of the Cobweb Spider family.
An edit to my original reply: A handful of people on the British Arachnological Society listserv suggest that this spider from Spain is probably a male Cresmatoneta mutinensis that’s just a bit dehydrated/starved and that’s why the abdomen has the constriction. That species was once rare in Spain but is now quite common. Here’s an image of one without dehydration: http://www.pavouci-cz.eu/Data/Cresmatoneta%20mutinensis/obr_C6_Cresmatoneta_mutinensis_90708.jpg. I suppose it’s up to Scott to let use know if that’s what it looked like, as we can’t see the details in the image.
Thanks so much Mandy. We will update the actual posting as well.
I live in Durban (Umkomaas) and have see two large females that look like the first image . Do they only live in Kenya ?
Are they poisonous
They are venomous, but the venom is not considered dangerous to humans.
Hey Mr. Bugman –
THANK YOU FOR YOUR WEBSITE!! —-Just now discovered it doing a Google Search for info on the Stink Bug actually, as they have been hanging out on my 2nd floor window screens the past few months, & I was only able to ID them when I caught the tail-end of a blurb about them on a local TV news station. My curiosity was piqued by their name, because several times recently, I have noticed some pretty foul odors in my apartment which have been indistinguishable to me. I spent most of my adult life in LA, CA, and about 10 years in Chicago, but I have only lived in this area since January 1 of this year, which is fairly rural, surrounded by farmland and woods, and is right on the Mississippi, across from Davenport, IA. —So – what I have learned so far about the myriad environmental factors and issues affecting life and living conditions would not come close to filling a thimble.
The sites I have perused so far were quite scientifically technical, and never did mention a thing about the actual “stink capabilities”, causation & triggers thereof, or relative habits of any of the species of stink bug – native American or Japanese imports. I’d also been wondering about the dozens of many-legged wormy-looking little creatures that I have been finding shamelessly wandering around my apartment anywhere they please – any time of day they please – most often across the carpet, or floor, in every room, in the bathtub, in my bed – appearing, with no warning, climbing out of my pillowcases, and one day last week I watched one explore my entire kitchen {about 8′ x 20′}, checking out the land beneath the frig, the cat food – which was ultimately rejected, and I allowed him his final leg of the expedition – into one of the lower cupboards housing pots and pans, which he entered slipping easily underneath the molding. Perhaps he was claustrophobic – he exited fairly quickly – and as has been my habit, I enticed him to board a piece of typing paper and deposited him near a wall in the hallway outside of my apartment. I decided he must be a centipede – having done a poor imitation of a caterpillar, which I only considered once for a few scant seconds…….when I made a mental note to look him up on the internet at my first opportunity.
My research today was actually triggered by my newfound concerns about the Stink Bugs, which I have been watching light on my screens with great interest, and greater ignorance, until I caught the mention on television – but alas, too late to hear any actual information. And so – it is while giving Google a go, that lo and behold, I practically stumble into your website, and trip over your pictures and comments about the Very Type of Centipede who has regularly been visiting me within, and here, on your site, I unexpectedly discover about the fact that they have some kinds of foul odor that THEY emit.
Right now I cant recall whether or not the Stink Bugs ever got inside……I’ve been extremely busy, much of the time spent in the final stages of organizing and settling my new place, which yet includes the unpacking and rearranging of an abundance of “stuff” {lotta hobbies}, and many boxes of paper files – I’m a writer – {and NO – I don’t have cockroaches}……….but I’m very frequently lost inside my head somewhere when I’m doing mundane things……so sometimes things escape me.
So, here’s the thing: You may think I’m a bit whacked when I tell you this – some people do anyway {smile} – but for years I have occaisionally experienced olfactory hallucinations……. no drug inducement, I assure you. It’s rare – but it’s real. For example, when I lived in the desert in California, several times I experienced the smell of hamburgers being grilled at about 2:00 or 3:00 in the morning. Trust me – nobody was barbecuing at that time. There were a couple of times I’d be driving alone in my car, and suddenly it was filled with the scent of a familiar perfume…….that I did not possess.
Just in the past 2 -3 weeks, maybe a half dozen times or so, I walked into my apartment after being out, or simply went from one room into another down the hall, and smelled some god-awful odor far worse than my cat’s litter box – but different. But still I immediately cleaned the litter, then took out all the garbage from every room around the apt, sniffed the outside air at every window, checked my own self out, my dirty clothes, and sprayed Febreze and pet odor sprays in every room……
Honest to God – I didn’t know what to think – If it was me, or what…….I figured maybe one of the cats got sick, or someone was having a plumbing tragedy………I knew it wasn’t skunk…..Then – one morning last week I was dreaming one of my “almost like going to the movies” kind of dreams, and in my dream I started smelling the distinctively foul odor of human excrement. This kind of thing Never happened to me before. You know how when you’re having a really stressful dream you can become sorta conscious of trying to pull yourself up out of it? Well – I was doing just that…….and I woke up a bit groggy……dazed and confused……. and I lay in bed for a few minutes – kind of in a stupor a little bit – thinking about how incredulous it was…… and then I realized I could still smell it. Seriously. You can’t make this stuff up.
At that point I was becoming convinced it was all in my head. I finally called my friend downstairs to come up and tell me if she could smell anything funky. She couldn’t. But time had passed…….I had sprayed out any trace of a substance with an odor, and I always keep my windows open to keep the air fresh, and moving, whenever weather permits.
So then – Coincidentally – just a few days after the dream incident, I come to find out that these insects I’ve been watching, clinging to my screens, flitting off & coming back…….that I found so interesting to study, were named “Stink Bugs”. Naturally, I got to thinking, and wondering.
And – it was only by checking out your website that I found out about the centipedes throwing off an odor sometimes…….which I never heard before…….and I still havent tracked down the info about the “Stink” in Stink Bug…… But it is hard to imagine that a little ol’ critter as big as your thumb nail could clear a room in a manner of seconds.
But – then again – I gotta remember that spiders and such, much smaller than that, can kill you with one quick poke of a stinger. So as you can well imagine – at this point I don’t know what to think!!!!
So – what I would like to know is, can / do – either or both of these insects cause that foul of, and that strong of, an odor? I am well aware that I have always been hypersensitive – far more than most people – physically, emotionally, in every way……and hyper-aware when hit by pretty much anything affecting the sensory systems, internally and externally. Comes with the creative territory, doncha know.
But still – It’s hard for me to believe that my senses, and my imagination, are conjuring up these smells that are strong enough to make you want to vacate where you are. And, yes, I do well recognize the possibility that the odors are coming from another source altogether – and not remotely connected to my psyche or your entomology. I’d just really like a starting point based upon a solid, factual basis.
I hope you can help me……..and if you can’t, I hope that at the very least, for all of your time that I’ve taken up with my lengthy explanation of the situation, I’ve been able to at least hold your interest, have perhaps provided some enlightenment for you about a phenomenon you are most likely unfamiliar with, and perhaps even a modicum of amusement with a smile or two, while you were reading.
Thank you for your time and for whatever attention you can give this. I really am most grateful that your group exists, and for your collective willingness to educate and assist the far less knowledgeable public, most of us whom find our skin crawling when in the presence of one of your fascinating little creatures, be they crawling creepily, immobilized by one mad squishing blow, or merely by having their image captured in a colorful 8 by 10 centimeter glossy featured in the Centerfold of Entomology Monthly. ……….. And, when I am a bit more flush, I will happily make a little contribution to your cause through PayPal……so if my writing didn’t bring forth a smile, perhaps that will.
Do take care, be well, and I hope to hear from you at your convenience.
Very sincerely,
Catherine {Cat} Wylde
Please look for me on FB, and I hope you will check out some of my writing pieces on my Blog Site when I begin to publish, at www.http://BloggeramaMama.WordPress.com
Thank you
Hey Mr. Bugman –
THANK YOU FOR YOUR WEBSITE!! —-Just now discovered it doing a Google Search for info on the Stink Bug actually, as they have been hanging out on my 2nd floor window screens the past few months, & I was only able to ID them when I caught the tail-end of a blurb about them on a local TV news station. My curiosity was piqued by their name, because several times recently, I have noticed some pretty foul odors in my apartment which have been indistinguishable to me. I spent most of my adult life in LA, CA, and about 10 years in Chicago, but I have only lived in this area since January 1 of this year, which is fairly rural, surrounded by farmland and woods, and is right on the Mississippi, across from Davenport, IA. —So – what I have learned so far about the myriad environmental factors and issues affecting life and living conditions would not come close to filling a thimble.
The sites I have perused so far were quite scientifically technical, and never did mention a thing about the actual “stink capabilities”, causation & triggers thereof, or relative habits of any of the species of stink bug – native American or Japanese imports. I’d also been wondering about the dozens of many-legged wormy-looking little creatures that I have been finding shamelessly wandering around my apartment anywhere they please – any time of day they please – most often across the carpet, or floor, in every room, in the bathtub, in my bed – appearing, with no warning, climbing out of my pillowcases, and one day last week I watched one explore my entire kitchen {about 8′ x 20′}, checking out the land beneath the frig, the cat food – which was ultimately rejected, and I allowed him his final leg of the expedition – into one of the lower cupboards housing pots and pans, which he entered slipping easily underneath the molding. Perhaps he was claustrophobic – he exited fairly quickly – and as has been my habit, I enticed him to board a piece of typing paper and deposited him near a wall in the hallway outside of my apartment. I decided he must be a centipede – having done a poor imitation of a caterpillar, which I only considered once for a few scant seconds…….when I made a mental note to look him up on the internet at my first opportunity.
My research today was actually triggered by my newfound concerns about the Stink Bugs, which I have been watching light on my screens with great interest, and greater ignorance, until I caught the mention on television – but alas, too late to hear any actual information. And so – it is while giving Google a go, that lo and behold, I practically stumble into your website, and trip over your pictures and comments about the Very Type of Centipede who has regularly been visiting me within, and here, on your site, I unexpectedly discover about the fact that they have some kinds of foul odor that THEY emit.
Right now I cant recall whether or not the Stink Bugs ever got inside……I’ve been extremely busy, much of the time spent in the final stages of organizing and settling my new place, which yet includes the unpacking and rearranging of an abundance of “stuff” {lotta hobbies}, and many boxes of paper files – I’m a writer – {and NO – I don’t have cockroaches}……….but I’m very frequently lost inside my head somewhere when I’m doing mundane things……so sometimes things escape me.
So, here’s the thing: You may think I’m a bit whacked when I tell you this – some people do anyway {smile} – but for years I have occaisionally experienced olfactory hallucinations……. no drug inducement, I assure you. It’s rare – but it’s real. For example, when I lived in the desert in California, several times I experienced the smell of hamburgers being grilled at about 2:00 or 3:00 in the morning. Trust me – nobody was barbecuing at that time. There were a couple of times I’d be driving alone in my car, and suddenly it was filled with the scent of a familiar perfume…….that I did not possess.
Just in the past 2 -3 weeks, maybe a half dozen times or so, I walked into my apartment after being out, or simply went from one room into another down the hall, and smelled some god-awful odor far worse than my cat’s litter box – but different. But still I immediately cleaned the litter, then took out all the garbage from every room around the apt, sniffed the outside air at every window, checked my own self out, my dirty clothes, and sprayed Febreze and pet odor sprays in every room……
Honest to God – I didn’t know what to think – If it was me, or what…….I figured maybe one of the cats got sick, or someone was having a plumbing tragedy………I knew it wasn’t skunk…..Then – one morning last week I was dreaming one of my “almost like going to the movies” kind of dreams, and in my dream I started smelling the distinctively foul odor of human excrement. This kind of thing Never happened to me before. You know how when you’re having a really stressful dream you can become sorta conscious of trying to pull yourself up out of it? Well – I was doing just that…….and I woke up a bit groggy……dazed and confused……. and I lay in bed for a few minutes – kind of in a stupor a little bit – thinking about how incredulous it was…… and then I realized I could still smell it. Seriously. You can’t make this stuff up.
At that point I was becoming convinced it was all in my head. I finally called my friend downstairs to come up and tell me if she could smell anything funky. She couldn’t. But time had passed…….I had sprayed out any trace of a substance with an odor, and I always keep my windows open to keep the air fresh, and moving, whenever weather permits.
So then – Coincidentally – just a few days after the dream incident, I come to find out that these insects I’ve been watching, clinging to my screens, flitting off & coming back…….that I found so interesting to study, were named “Stink Bugs”. Naturally, I got to thinking, and wondering.
And – it was only by checking out your website that I found out about the centipedes throwing off an odor sometimes…….which I never heard before…….and I still havent tracked down the info about the “Stink” in Stink Bug…… But it is hard to imagine that a little ol’ critter as big as your thumb nail could clear a room in a manner of seconds.
But – then again – I gotta remember that spiders and such, much smaller than that, can kill you with one quick poke of a stinger. So as you can well imagine – at this point I don’t know what to think!!!!
So – what I would like to know is, can / do – either or both of these insects cause that foul of, and that strong of, an odor? I am well aware that I have always been hypersensitive – far more than most people – physically, emotionally, in every way……and hyper-aware when hit by pretty much anything affecting the sensory systems, internally and externally. Comes with the creative territory, doncha know.
But still – It’s hard for me to believe that my senses, and my imagination, are conjuring up these smells that are strong enough to make you want to vacate where you are. And, yes, I do well recognize the possibility that the odors are coming from another source altogether – and not remotely connected to my psyche or your entomology. I’d just really like a starting point based upon a solid, factual basis.
I hope you can help me……..and if you can’t, I hope that at the very least, for all of your time that I’ve taken up with my lengthy explanation of the situation, I’ve been able to at least hold your interest, have perhaps provided some enlightenment for you about a phenomenon you are most likely unfamiliar with, and perhaps even a modicum of amusement with a smile or two, while you were reading.
Thank you for your time and for whatever attention you can give this. I really am most grateful that your group exists, and for your collective willingness to educate and assist the far less knowledgeable public, most of us whom find our skin crawling when in the presence of one of your fascinating little creatures, be they crawling creepily, immobilized by one mad squishing blow, or merely by having their image captured in a colorful 8 by 10 centimeter glossy featured in the Centerfold of Entomology Monthly. ……….. And, when I am a bit more flush, I will happily make a little contribution to your cause through PayPal……so if my writing didn’t bring forth a smile, perhaps that will.
Do take care, be well, and I hope to hear from you at your convenience.
Very sincerely,
Catherine {Cat} Wylde
Please look for me on FB, and I hope you will check out some of my writing pieces on my Blog Site when I begin to publish, at www.http://BloggeramaMama.WordPress.com
Thank you
I’ve found these in all 3 warehouses at my job. Weird part is 10yrs ago this species of spider wasn’t a resident there.